https://youtu.be/Qev_oxB65_Y
In our verse-by-verse study of Romans we are in Rom 2:9; where we are noting culpability from negative volition to Gospel truth.
Our expanded translation to this point "There is pressure (personal suffering) and distress (national and historical disaster) for every soul of man who produces the evil.
"of the Jew first" racial or cultural things are never issues; evil is the issue. This is the genitive of reference "Ioudaios." The Jews are mentioned first because this is the fourth and most important of the post-diluvian races.
While the Jews are first and foremost in privilege they are not exempt from the principle of adjustment or maladjustment to God's justice. No race is excluded so race is not an issue.
All races are included, even the Jews who are a privileged race. The adverb "prwton" is the adverb of degree that means "especially" or "above all." The Jews as custodians of the TNACH, plus being a priest nation, had greater responsibility so we will translate it "especially with reference to the Jew."
"and also of the Greek" from "Hellen," the name of the Greeks. This is a reference to the Greek rather than to the Gentiles generally because there is a cultural issue here. "Hellen" refers to a cultured person, a person who has great systems of culture and language, and the expression of that in thought.
So the word is used to describe of all who were under Greek influence and who had accepted the Greek culture. Cultured people are not excluded from the requirement to adjust to God's justice either.
Expanded Translation Rom 2:9; "There is pressure (personal suffering) and distress (national and historical disaster) for every soul of man who produces the evil, especially with reference to the Jew, but also to the Greek."
This passage applies to the unbeliever reversionist directly because unbeliever reversionism and salvation maladjustment to God's justice produces punitive action from God in time and in eternity.
This verse deals with cursing from God's justice against any nation that is negative to the Gospel regardless of its superiority of race or culture.
Everyone who rejects epignwsis gospel become more vulnerable to satan's evil policy. Both immoral and self-righteous moral unbelievers practice evil. Neither morality nor immorality is excluded from the function of evil.
While the interpretation of this passage is addressed to the unbeliever in reversionism the application of the principle constitutes a warning to all believers.
Simply change the object of negative volition and the issue is for the believer because for the unbeliever the issue is the cross and the gospel but for the believer it is Bible doctrine.
Rom 2:10; "But glory," from "doca de." The conjunctive particle "de" emphasizes a contrast between unbeliever maladjustment to God's justice and believer adjustment to God's justice.
For the maladjusted there is temporal cursing but for the adjusted there is temporal blessing described by three nouns that refer back to the verb that is implied at the beginning of verse 9. The first, is the predicate nominative "doca" translated "glory."
This time in contrast to temporal and eternal pressure, suffering, disaster, we find a contrast. "Glory" is used here to describe a secondary sphere of blessing for the believer.
When believers advance to spiritual maturity from the PMA of Bible doctrine they enter an area that has two categories of super-grace. So starting with spiritual maturity there is maximum adjustment to God's justice.
"honor" the second predicate nominative singular, from the Greek word "timh" that means honor but it is used here to describe super-grace status where God is glorified and pleased, and the believer is honored as the friend of God.
"and peace" the predicate nominative singular of "eirene," that means peace in the Greek language it also had the connotation of prosperity. So we translate it, "even prosperity." In other words, there is prosperity for the primary and secondary stages. In all of these there is special temporal blessing.
"to everyone" This is the dative singular indirect object from the adjective "pas," that can be translated "to each one" or "to everyone," as it is in the NASB emphasizing the singular that refers to every individual believer that advances to spiritual maturity,
The dative of indirect object indicates the believer making the maturity adjustment to God's justice from maximum doctrine resident in the soul. It is also a dative of advantage for every one who advances.
It is in contrast to the accusative of "pas" in the previous verse where it is used as the object of the preposition "epi," where it becomes the basis for judgment.
In the previous verse "pas" was addressing maladjustment to God's justice but this time it is used for adjustment to God's justice. "To each one" refers to each and every single believer in the Lord Jesus Christ who has made maximum adjustment to God's justice by advancing to spiritual maturity through the daily function of GASP.
"who does good" a present middle participle from the verb "ergazomai" that means to produce, to work, to be active, or to accomplish the verb has a relative pronoun that is translated, "who" so we translate it "who accomplish."
The present tense is a retroactive progressive present that refers to something that occurs in the past and continues into the present time. In other words, believers who have advanced to and maintained the state of spiritual maturity.
The middle voice is a deponent verb that has a middle form but is active in meaning, and here the active meaning simply says that the believer who is positive toward doctrine chooses to adjust to God's justice and as a result receives greater grace blessing from God.
The participle is circumstantial in keeping with this concept. There is also an accusative singular of the definite article with the accusative singular direct object from the adjective "agathos," that means good of intrinsic value.
The adjective is used here, as a substantive for what is intrinsically valuable and has greater value. So "the good" refers to the attainment of spiritual maturity and maximum adjustment to God's justice through the daily function of GASP.
"to the Jew first, and also to the Greek." In contrast to the genitive of reference in the previous verse where we had Jew and Greek, referring to the maladjusted unbeliever, here we have a dative singular used for Jew and Greek.
Believers who have attained maturity adjustment to the justice of God through the daily function of GASP have maximum doctrine in the soul, and the first one is "the Jew." So we have the dative singular indirect object and dative of advantage from "Ioudaios."
Again, notice that the Jew is a privileged race, because in a previous dispensation they were a priest nation and the custodian of the written Word from God. Plus the adverb "prwton" translated "first" that means "especially," recognizing their privilege.