https://youtu.be/OeWbeJaKGnY
In our verse-by-verse study of Romans we are in Rom 5:1; at the word translated "we have " in the NASB.
We noted that the Greek verb translated "we have" is the Greek verb "echomen" in the indicative mood but in some of the best Greek manuscripts it is written as "echwmen" that is in the subjunctive mood so it would be translated "let us have."
The difference depends on whether the original Greek word has an omicron or an omega. The difference is important because the omega forms the subjunctive mood and the omicron forms the indicative mood. Last time we also noted the discussion about this in NET note 2
Both versions are relevant because the indicative mood indicates our position and the subjunctive mood indicates the potential of that position that occurs when we establish a cognitive reality from metabolized doctrine in our thinking that is made possible by our position.
The believer has irrevocable peace with God at the moment of salvation because God has made peace but after salvation we still have a lot to learn so when we are saved we don't completely understand what that peace from God means so we have to learn.
When Paul wrote this it was not something the Romans completely understood but God had already declared them irrevocably righteous on the basis of their believing in our Lord Jesus Christ.
As we saw with Abraham it is God's intention to bless every believer on the basis of doctrinal capacity. The active voice explains that God intends that all believers produce the action of the verb.
If it is in the subjunctive mood it is a hortatory subjunctive where the writer exhorts the reader to join him in a specific course of action so it would translate as "therefore since we have been declared righteous on the basis of faith let us have peace...."
"pros o Theos" (with the God) this is real peace and prosperity because it is "pros" (face to face) plus the accusative singular of the definite article "o" plus the accusative of "Theos " (God) so we have "face to face with the God."
Again notice the missing article in the English translations that in this case refers to God the Father because our Lord Jesus Christ is also referenced in the passage.
When you receive God's righteousness at salvation that is the cup that God pours His direct blessings into. That is your potential because that is the cup that can be filled with doctrine to acquire capacity.
Then as you take in doctrine through the daily function of GASP you develop capacity, and when you have maximum doctrine in the soul you have cognitive reality of the blessing because your cognitive doctrinal reality is your maturity adjustment to God's justice where God conveys more blessings to you.
Capacity is the issue so the predicate for understanding the peace God has given us is Bible doctrine deployed in our thinking.
"through our Lord Jesus Christ" is "dia" (through) plus the genitive of "Kurios" (Lord or Master), referencing the Lordship of Christ or His deity, plus "hemeis" (our) "Iesous" (Jesus), the title of the humanity of Christ specifically relating to His work on the cross as our savior, and "Xristos" (Christos) the anointed one or the King.
Jesus Christ is the means of our salvation adjustment to God's justice and we learn how He thinks when we learn God's Word of truth so being our occupied with Christ is the first blessing we receive after our doctrinal advance to spiritual maturity.
Expanded Translation Rom 5:1; "Therefore since we have been declared righteous by faith, we have peace and prosperity or in the subjunctive let us have peace and prosperity face to face with the God through our Lord Jesus Christ."
Verse 2 explains that security is another consequence of our being justified by receiving the imputation of God's perfect righteousness.
Rom 5:2; "Through whom also we have access by faith" the prepositional phrase "dia" (by or through) plus the genitive of the relative pronoun "hos" (whom) translated "through whom."
This is a reference to the Lord Jesus Christ. Then the adjunctive use of the conjunction "kai" (translated also) followed by the perfect active indicative of the verb "echo" (to have and to hold), in the perfect tense it is "we have and continue to have and hold."
The intensive perfect recognizes the irrevocable finished action of salvation adjustment to God's justice that occurred at the moment we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ.
It emphasizes the existing results of our justification from the imputation of God's righteousness that is eventually parlayed into maturity adjustment when we grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.
We have the potential for direct blessing from God from the imputation of God's righteousness plus the potential to develop capacity for additional blessing that is created from doctrine resident in the soul that results in the conveyance of more direct blessing from God's justice.
But in addition to direct blessing we have the perception of security that is even more fundamental. Behind all of this blessing is the perfect security that God provides/.
The active voice: the believer produces the action of the verb. The indicative mood is declarative for a dogmatic statement of fact related to salvation adjustment to God's justice.
Then the accusative singular direct object from the noun "prosagwgen" that is compounded from the preposition "pros" (face to face with), and "agoge" (to bring or to lead).
To bring face-to-face with means access, introduction, approach, and admission into the presence of. It has the connotation of approaching and coming into the presence something or someone greater than you are, that in this case is God.
"eschekamen" (we have obtained) is the intensive perfect from "eschek" emphasizes the fact that salvation adjustment to God's justice is an accomplished fact, and as a result of that we now have access into the presence of someone who is infinitely greater than we are.
"Through whom also we have obtained that access." The definite article "o" (that) is used, as a demonstrative pronoun that makes it monadic so it emphasizes the specific way that we have obtained the access that is the source of our security.
Our security is not from the possession of materialistic things or having power or resources in this life that are structured for human security from the natural ability or circumstances.
Our security comes from the information regarding our Lord Jesus Christ who is the only way of salvation who is the one who provides us with access to God who graces us out with salvation and much much more. Rom 1:16-17;
The two most powerful things in the universe are information and access. Believers have both from their union with our Lord Jesus Christ. This access and information establish our spiritual privilege.