https://youtu.be/7uK84ads67k
In our verse-by-verse study of Romans we are in Rom 5:13; Last time we were noting the phrase " sin was in the world" that tells us that even though there was no Law there was personal sin.
The imputation of Adam's sin is the basis of our condemnation. Therefore when God's justice imputed Adam's sin to all of to us we were all placed into the pit of spiritual death.
God could extract us from the pit of spiritual death by taking our personal sins that had not been judged by God's justice and imputing them to Jesus Christ on the cross instead of us so that God's justice could judge our personal sins in Jesus Christ and get us out of the impossible situation we had been placed in.
This is perfect justice. Personal sin existed in the world from Adam to Moses but our personal sins were not the basis for our condemnation from God's justice.
The basis for condemnation from God's justice was/is the imputation of Adam's sin plus the receiving Adam's trend toward sin (the old sin nature). This means that all unbelievers commit sin from their status of spiritual death.
Spiritual death is the cause of personal sins but personal sins are not the cause of spiritual death.
"but sin is not imputed when there is no law" the nominative singular subject from "harmartia" (sin). The singular gives us three possibilities for the meaning of the word it could refer to imputed sin, the old sin nature, or the principle of personal sin.
In this case we have the principle of personal sin. The negative "ou" (not) plus the present passive indicative of "ellogeo" (impute) that means to impute, charge or indict. The historical present tense emphasizes a past event by viewing it as though it is occurring presently.
The passive voice explains us that personal sins receive the action of the verb of not being imputed or charged. Our personal sins are not charged to us.
The indicative mood is declarative viewing the action of the verb from the viewpoint of reality.
Plus the genitive absolute "nomos" (law) in the genitive as the subject plus the present active temporal participle "eimi" (existing or being) with the negative "me" (not) so it says when the law did not exist."
Expanded Translation Rom 5:13; "For until the law the sin nature was in the world, and imputed sin was in the world: but personal sin was not imputed when the law did not exist."
This verse emphasizes the fact that entire human race sinned when Adam sinned. The basis for God's justice condemnation of man' is the imputation of Adam's sin, as well as the possession of the old sin nature that is propagated genetically from Adam's inherent sin trend at physical birth.
We are therefore born spiritually dead as the result of God's judgment of Adam's original sin. The basis for our condemnation is imputed sin and inherent sin not the personal sins we commit.
People who lived from Adam to Moses committed personal sins but their personal sins were never the basis for their condemnation.
Adam's original sin was imputed to every person in the human race but their personal sins were not imputed to them instead they are all imputed to Jesus Christ's humanity on the cross.
At the cross all personal sins, past, present, and future were imputed to Jesus Christ and then judged by God's justice as God's overruling grace provision for the salvation of humanity.
Condemnation comes into the human race at physical birth through the imputation of Adam's sin and the transmission of Adam's genetically formed sin nature.
Because of this every member of the human race, except the humanity of Christ, is born spiritually dead. Eph 2:1-5;
That means we were spiritually dead and had a genetically formed old sin nature at birth before we ever committed a personal sin by using our own volition.
We see from this that condemnation from God's justice and spiritual death was because of Adam's original sin not because of our personal sins.
The doctrine of imputation explains the imputation of Adam's original sin to condemn the entire human race, as an act of God's perfect justice following the trial outside of the garden in Gen 3:15.
This means that our condemnation does not come from the imputation of our personal sins to us and that also means that our personal sins are not the issue in our salvation. Rom 5:12;
It is imperative that we understand that personal sins are not imputed to the sinner and that they were not imputed until the cross.
On the cross Jesus Christ not only bore our sins as a result of imputation but was also judged for our sins as the means of our salvation.
This means that God's justice judged Adam's sin in the garden for condemnation and our personal sins were judged on the cross for justification.
Adam's sin was imputed to us at birth that resulted in our spiritual death the acquisition of the old sin nature and condemnation.
All personal sins past, present, and future committed by the entire human race were imputed to Jesus Christ on the cross so that any member of the human race could be born again, be forgiven, and given God's righteousness along with eternal life by simply believing in Jesus Christ.
That means that our personal sins were judged in Jesus Christ on the cross making it possible for God to impute His righteousness to us for justification when we believed in Jesus Christ.
Rom 5:14; "But death reigned from Adam to Moses." Death had to reign from Adam to Moses because Adam's sin was imputed to every member of the human race at the point of physical birth.