https://youtu.be/5iqWZH701nM

In our verse by verse study of Romans last time we completed our Expanded Translation of Rom 5:14; "But the spiritual death ruled from Adam to Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of Adam's transgression, who is a type of Him (Jesus Christ) who was destined to come."

We noted that under God's grace policy God condemns mankind in Adam then God justifies and saves mankind in Jesus, mankind does nothing.

Death rules because every member of the human race received Adam's sin by direct imputation from God and at the same time at physical birth received a genetically formed old sin nature.

Personal sins were never imputed until the cross, and at that time they was imputed for the purpose of judgment from God's justice.

Every member of the human race from Adam to Moses was under the penalty of sin in the form of spiritual death. This condemnation from God's justice was exclusively based on imputed and inherent sin. Condemnation was not based on personal, sin even though personal sins were committed.

It is a fact that every person in the human race commits personal sin, but personal sin was and is not the basis for condemnation. Adam's sin is the basis for condemnation because Adam is the federal head of the entire human race.

So spiritual death rules over the entire human race. The universal rule of spiritual death is because of the universal rule of imputed and inherent sin.

Adam's sin was his negative volition related to his direct disobedience to God's command to not eat the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. God set up a volitional test for man in his perfection. It was a test for his free volition.

In his perfection in the Garden of Eden man did not need to understand satan's policy of good and evil he only needed to obey God.

While many members of the human race do not duplicate the exact sin that Adam committed; they do have the facsimile and God's justice recognizes the facsimile under the principle of guilt.

This means that even though everyone does not express sin in the same way everyone does sin personally.

All are just as guilty and are therefore under the penalty of sin (spiritual death) because of the imputation of Adam's sin and because of their inherited old sin nature.

Therefore the entire human race was positionally in Adam when Adam sinned.

Again, condemnation does not originate from personal sin it originates from imputed or inherent sin. In the human race personal sin is the result of spiritual death personal sin is not the cause of spiritual death.

Personal sin is the direct result of being born with the imputation of Adam's sin plus the genetically formed old sin nature.

All personal sin comes directly from the old sin nature and in addition to personal sin; human good and evil also come from the old sin nature.

Sin, human good, and evil are not the basis for spiritual death. They are the result of spiritual death. Between Adam and Moses personal sins were not imputed for condemnation even though everyone committed personal sins. Imputed and inherent sin is the basis for condemnation, never personal sin.

Adam is a type of Jesus Christ from the standpoint of his federal headship of the human race. Only two men in human history, Adam and Jesus Christ, are federal heads. Adam is the federal head of spiritually dead soulish humanity from natural physical birth and Jesus Christ is the federal head of spiritual humanity from being born again spiritually by believing in Jesus Christ.

The first Adam was created perfect and sinned, bringing condemnation to the entire human race. Adam is author of sin and spiritual death in the entire human race.

Jesus Christ (the last Adam) was born perfect and He was judged on the cross for every personal sin thereby bringing salvation on the basis of grace and faith by believing in Jesus Christ to the entire human race.

Neither the first Adam nor the last Adam started with an old sin nature. Both had nothing related to sin and both had free will. The choice of the first Adam was negative, putting the human race under sin; the choice of the last Adam was positive, providing righteousness, justification, redemption, and salvation for the entire the human race.

The first Adam acquired the old sin nature or the trend to sin through his own original sin. The last Adam was impeccable and never had an old sin nature, even though He was tempted to sin far beyond anyone else who has ever lived including Adam.

Because of the impeccability of Jesus Christ He was qualified to go to the cross as the last Adam and be judged for our personal sins. There was no imputation of our personal sins until the cross where they were all imputed to Jesus Christ and judged by God's justice they are never imputed to us.

This provides with a type and antitype. Adam is the author of spiritual death; the last Adam is the author of eternal life. 1Cor 15:22,45.

Rom 5:15; starts with an a fortiori of capacity for blessing that is an a fortiori for God's blessing for believers in time. The NASB inverts the word order so we will follow the Greek. "But not as the trespass, so also is the free gift." The adversative conjunction "alla" (but) sets up the contrast.

It is emphasizing the difference between the type and the antitype; the first and the last Adams, in other words, between Adam and Jesus Christ.

Then the strong negative "ou" (not) is used with the indicative mood to deny the reality of an alleged fact, plus the comparative particle "hos" (as) the negative tells us that the thing being discussed here are going to be opposites.

Then the nominative singular subject " ho paraptoma" (the transgression) is monadic referring to Adam's original sin that is translated "the transgression."

It is used with the definite article as a demonstrative pronoun so it can be translated "But not as that transgression (the original sin of Adam)."

The adverb "houtos" (like) refers to what precedes in setting up a set of comparative clauses. Plus the adjunctive use of the conjunction "kai" (also)," plus the predicate nominative of the noun "charisma" (grace gift, free gift, or gracious gift).

"Free gift" refers to the salvation work of Jesus Christ on the cross being judged for our sins. Paul is setting up a contrast between the first and the last Adam. "But not as that transgression (the original sin of Adam), so also is that gracious gift (the work of Christ on the cross)."

As noted in the previous verse Jesus Christ who is the antitype to Adam's type is impeccable, perfect in His humanity so He has no sin.

Jesus Christ did not have a sin nature so He did not have the imputation of Adam's sin, He did not have any personal sin, and He did not have spiritual death in contrast to the first Adam who had all of them.

The typology of the two Adam's can only be taken so far. It cannot be taken into their persons because as persons they were very different.

Adam was unique because he was created perfect and fell. Jesus Christ was unique because He is the God-Man who remained impeccable.

So there has to be some basis for setting up type and antitype. The answer is that each one is a federal head of the human race.

Adam is the federal head of the human race through physical birth, while Christ is the federal head of the human race through spiritual birth. This is why we must be born again to have an eternal relationship with God.

At this point the analogy ends and a contrast begins. The first Adam brought condemnation onto the entire human race, while the last Adam brings redemption and reconciliation to the human race.

God's justice condemns man because of the first Adam, but God's justice is free to justify and provide blessing to man because of the last Adam. This blessing begins at salvation through God's imputing His righteousness to every believer for justification.

Therefore, while the human race is born in Adam the human race is born again in Christ. The noun "paraptoma" (transgression) refers to the judgment from God's justice on Adam that engulfs the entire human race.

The word "paraptoma"(transgression) that belongs to the first Adam is set up in contrast with the word "chrisma" (free grace gift) that belongs to the last Adam.

That blessing from God's justice starts with the imputation of God's righteousness that results in justification positionally establishes potential for blessing in time and great reward in eternity.

Remember that the point of reference for the human race is the righteousness and justice of God's integrity. Righteousness demands righteousness and justice demands justice.

When God works on our behalf it is because these things have been fulfilled because God's justice executes what God's righteousness demands.

Therefore our point of contact is always God's justice because God is never going to give us anything that compromises His perfect righteousness, but because of Jesus Christ we are going to be given wonderful things that are compatible with and glorify His essence.

Everything depends upon our potential, and our potential depends upon our position in Christ and the mind of Christ that circulates in our soul's stream of consciousness.

God's justice gives us God's righteousness at the moment of salvation when we believe in Jesus Christ. This opens the highway for blessings from God. The highway through which all of these blessings come to us is the highway that connects God's justice to God's righteousness that has been imputed to the believer in Jesus Christ at salvation.

God's justice can only bless God's righteousness. All direct blessings from God originate with God's justice and terminate with God's imputed righteousness in the believer.

This is the potential principle for all blessing from God. All blessing from God to the born again believer must be related to the potential principle of possessing God's righteousness. But He will never give us anything unless we have the doctrinal capacity to receive it so capacity from doctrine becomes the big issue for believers.

Since God provided the greater in justification at salvation it follows a fortiori that He will provide the lesser in the form of temporal blessing from God's justice after salvation.

Furthermore, the provision of temporal blessing to believers glorifies God because God is glorified when any born again believer possesses God's direct blessings while they are living in the devil's evil world that hates believers because their blessing from God condemns the devil.